以自然光代替主动照明系统的伊朗古建筑低能耗改造:以德黑兰的Shahi Bank为例外文翻译资料

 2022-12-12 17:24:25

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect

Energy Procedia 78 (2015) 777 – 781

6th International Building Physics Conference, IBPC 2015

High-performance renovation of Iranian historical buildings to substitute active lighting systems with natural light (case study: Shahi Bank, Tehran)

Mohammadhossein Ghasempourabadia*, Ali Arshadib, Abdolkarim Ghaedic, Shaghayegh Shahria

a Graduate Research Assistant, Concordia University, Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering,Montreal, Canada bArchitecture expert, Central Bank Of Iran, Tehran, Iran

cAssistant Professor, Faculty of architecture, Payame Noor University, Bandarabbas, Iran

Abstract

In this research, building lighting systems and faccedil;ade glazing system and architectural design of `Shahi Bank` have been evaluated and developed on the basis of the analysis on natural light patterns, which have been derived based on the simulation process by ECOTECT software.

During the simulation process, both conditions before and after the design, have been examined and compared with each other. The results from simulations show that absence of appropriate light levels in the middle of the main hall can be solved by locating three light tubes, which could provide an adequate natural light level for this space.

Crown Copyright copy; 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

copy; 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Peer-review under responsibility of the CENTRO CONGRESSI INTERNAZIONALE SRL.

Peer-review under responsibility of the CENTRO CONGRESSI INTERNAZIONALE SRL

Keywords: high performance renovation; light distribution; natural light.

1. Introduction and Methodology

In this paper, some techniques and configuration that can be used for optimizing natural lighting without glare effects have been studied. Also we have studied the merits of each single and double skin faccedil;ade and other additives that can be used to achieve better energy efficiency for traditional buildings. The strategies are implemented on a bank office building and evaluated based on the performance which is designate for office occupation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: 1-514-4310909.

E-mail address: mo_g@encs.concordia.ca

1876-6102 Crown Copyright copy; 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Peer-review under responsibility of the CENTRO CONGRESSI INTERNAZIONALE SRL doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.093

778 Mohammadhossein Ghasempourabadi et al. / Energy Procedia 78 (2015) 777 – 781

In addition, three types of faccedil;ade system (Traditional faccedil;ade (with brick as external layer), Single skin faccedil;ade and Double skin faccedil;ade) have been chosen as options for glazed area in order to explain and compare the following factors:

  • Architectural design: In this part, the office building was designed within two stories and redesigned to have better performance for light distribution, considering this fact that this building is located at the city center of Tehran with a semi-arid climate.

x Environmental design: As a main objective of this research, three types of buildingrsquo;s faccedil;ades (traditional, single skin faccedil;ade, and double skin faccedil;ade) were compared with each other as options for renovation of the glazing areas.

  • Lighting: The daylight level was analyzed using ECOTECT software in order to find the best solution for providing sufficient light level and enough visual comfort as well.

Fig. 1. Architectural design and the conventional distribution of lighting in interior space of the bank

2. Literature Review

“Double-skin facade is a special type of envelope, where a second skin, usually a transparent glazing, is placed in front of a regular building facade. The air space in between, called the channel, can be rather important. In general, the channel is ventilated (naturally, mechanically, or using a hybrid system) in order to diminish overheating problems in summer and to contribute to energy savings in winter.'

Viljoen investigated the possibility of improving day lighting for double skinned office buildings [1]. Scale models were used in an artificial sky and computer simulations. This was to examine the effects of changes in re-entrant slots in the facade and lowering of the central area on the floor. The result showed that the daylight area can increase by equal to 23% when it uses a walkway or cavity option alone, as compared to re-entrant facade slots that produced no increase in the daylight area, lowering the central floor area produced an increase of up to 14% of light. None of the walkway options could produce a daylight area of greater than 53% of the total floor space.

In addition, Hien [2], Gratia [3] espoused that using DSF can reduce the lighting energy consumption by making full use of day lighting. Furthermore, in another related study, Kim [4] also evaluated the control performance of a daylight dimming system by using double skin envelop (DSE) configurations under a variety of daylight conditions. The purpose was to propose a better control alternative in a small-office space. Computer simulations were performed for photo sensors positioned at three distinctive locations in three different shielding conditions with three different sky conditions. The result showed that a partially shielded condition generally achieved good dimming performance under clear

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以自然光代替主动照明系统的伊朗古建筑低能耗改造:以德黑兰的Shahi Bank为例

摘要

在这个研究中,建筑照明系统和立面玻璃系统和建筑设计的“波斯货币银行”的开发和评估,对自然光的基础上分析模式,已推导出基于仿真过程ECOTECT软件。

在仿真过程中,前后两种情况下的设计、检查和比较。模拟的结果表明,缺乏适当的光线水平中间的大厅可以解决定位三个光管,这可能为这个空间提供充足的自然光线水平。

关键词:高效翻新;光分布;自然光。

1.简介和方法

在本文中,一些技术和配置,可用于优化自然采光无眩光效果研究。我们也研究了每一个的优点和双层通风玻璃幕墙和其他添加剂,可用于实现对传统建筑更好的能源效率。银行办公大楼上的实现策略和评估基于性能指定的办公室工作。

此外,三种类型的立面系统(传统的外观(与外部层砖),单皮肤外观和双皮肤外观)被选为选择釉面区域来解释和比较以下因素:

结构设计:在这一部分中,办公楼的设计两个故事中,并重新设计有配光性能较好,考虑到这个因素,这栋位于市中心德黑兰与半干旱气候。

 环境设计:作为这项研究的主要目标,三种类型的建筑立面的(传统的,单一的皮肤外观,双层幕墙)与对方作为玻璃领域的改造方案进行比较。

灯光设计:使用ECOTECT软件,以便找到用于提供足够的光水平和足够的视觉舒适度以及最佳的解决方案进行分析的日光级。

图 1.建筑设计和照明在银行的内部空间的传统分布

2.文献综述

“双层幕墙是一种特殊类型的墙,其中的第二层,通常是透明的玻璃窗,被放置在一个常规的建筑立面的前面。在之间的空气空间,称为信道,可以是相当的重要。在一般情况下,信道被通风(自然,机械或使用混合系统),以减少过热的问题在夏季和冬季有助于节省能量”。

维尔容查处改善采光双皮肤办公楼[1]的可能性。量表模型在人工天空和计算机模拟使用。这是检查在门面和地板上的中心区域的降低重入时隙变化的影响。结果表明,在日光面积可由等于增加至23%时,它单独使用走道或空腔选项相比,重入所产生在日光面积没有增加,降低了中央地板面积内产生的增加门面槽最多的光的14%。的走道选项都可能产生的总建筑面积超过53%的日光区。

此外,掩藏[2],例如[3]支持使用DSF可以降低照明能耗充分利用每天的照明。此外,在另一个相关的研究中,金[4]还日光暗淡的控制性能评估系统通过使用双皮信封(DSE)配置在各种各样的日光条件下。的目的是提出一个更好的控制替代小型办公空间。计算机模拟进行照片传感器定位在三个独特的地点在三个不同的屏蔽条件下三种不同的天空条件。结果表明,部分屏蔽通常条件下取得良好的调光性能清晰和中间多云的天空。

另一方面,Hoseggen [5]权利,附加玻璃层来减少室内日光照明水平。据Poirazis [6] DSF的日光性质类似于其他类型的玻璃外墙的(即单幕墙)。这意味着,在地板空间内的区域被认为是当它接收该工作一年的50%以上至少300光照度是日光。基于前面提到的研究中,他们表现出缺乏有关的DSF的性能深细节和结果并未显示如何建筑物及其腔的配置应建,以获得照明的DSF的最佳性能。

陈[7]报道关于向适用于香港的气候条件下,一个典型的办公楼DSF的节能性能的调查结果。能源-PLUS模拟的方法建立一个理论模型。该模型被用来评估的DSF以各种配置的能量性能。结果表明,用单数明确窗玻璃作为内窗格和双反射玻璃作为外窗格DSF系统可以在建筑物的冷却能量提供的约26%,每年可节省。节能减排这一数额不与单吸收玻璃传统的单门面找到。

3.模拟和有关数据输入,结果和三维模型分析讨论

在整个模拟中使用的所有玻璃含有夹层工艺玻璃,以防双层幕墙采用全玻璃。相比之下,玻璃和常规壁 - 窗口比率被用作表1所示设计天空值从室外亮度水平的统计分析而得。它们表示超过上午9点到下午5点之间85%的时间在整个一年的工作横向亮度。因此,它们的价格,你可以设计,以确保您能够满足需要的光照水平的时间至少85%的最坏情况。我们使用CIE阴天空状况,得到最坏的情况下的设计值,这是从站点的纬度计算,它是9000 LX。

表2是根据壁的百分比到窗口比率表示在不同的情况下为模拟初步考虑。

因为它是前面提到的,一个重要的事情应该考虑到这些类型的建筑物是玻璃和阴影的类型,和所有这些东西在下面的表中示出。

对于模拟,可见光透射率(VT)的U值(保温值)和太阳得热系数(SHGC)的设置如下:

Normal single glazed

Clear Double glazed

Tinted single glazed

Double glazed- low E glass

U = 5.7 W/m2K

U = 3.5 W/m2K

U = 5.2 W/m2K

U =3 W/m2K

Properties SHGC = 0.86

SHGC = 0.76

SHGC = 0.73

SHGC = 0.73

VT =0.90

VT =0.81

VT =0.68

VT =0.68

表1:属性和类型使用玻璃的根据ASHRAE基础手册[9]

Whole Building

Conventional

Single skin

Double skin

Conventional

8.39%

7.44%

5.26%

Single skin

17.6%

15.42%

14.5%

Double skin

21.03%

14.71%

12.8%

表2:玻璃的外墙比例和银行办公室ECOTECT结果

通过模拟我们可以清楚看到,图二中,有严重不平等的光分布在中央水平线计划,并且它强调也低于300 lx的光水平。同时,光分布在南部一个d北地区的计划大多超过500 lx图2(b),这意味着在这个空间,如果我们能将自然光线引入焦计划的一部分,最后我们可以均匀光级分布的整个区域银行办公室,这可能是可行的通过添加光管或天空或这样的技术在建筑改造。

有巨大的不同通过添加三盏灯管中央计划的一部分光总水平分布,与这种变化模拟后,因为它是图2所示(c),只在部分地区的计划在角落里,我们需要使用人造光和其他地区的计划主要是光水平上超过300 lx感到满意,

`

图2.光前水平之间并增加灯管后的差异

(一)光照水平这是在300LX装修前

(二)装修前的光照水平分布

(三)光照水平这是正在装修后300LX,(三中计划的水平线上方所代表的光管)

(四)装修后的光分布的水平

4。结论

大多数现有的传统建筑不节能,以及关于改造节能是充实了其在当代世界的方法;此外,对采用自然光的室内建筑上升的态度可以看作是这个时代中一个引人注目的倾向。

这项研究的最新理念是暗示一个事实,即能源节约与自然相容的架构是充实了其在当代世界的方法;类似地,对利用自然光的室内建筑上升的态度可以看作是这个时代中一个引人注目的倾向。

在这项研究中的`夏希Bank`室内设计已经开发的自然光图案在其相关的气候的分析的基础上。基于ECOTECT的分析过程(自然光分析仪)的模式已经衍生。在模拟过程中任一情况下,前,后的设计进行了对比进行了分析。

结果表示此事实,不是在大殿中央的光线不足的问题可以通过定位3中庭,这为它提供自然光来解决

所有上面提到的,它可以被总结的结果为主要有以下几点,这是适用于对历史建筑的高性能装修了同样的情况:

(a)窗玻璃适当的选择可以达到一个合适的方法来提供足够的日光。

(b)每个着色根据自己的方位可减少多余的日光耀眼没有,没有造成损害家具的有效选择。

(c)提出了一个空格最好的建筑设计是为了让在房间里的所有部分日光规则分布有一个不可否认的需要使用模拟软件,而不是使用建筑的灵性。

(d)有很多关于日光的问题的解决方案,但每一个设计需要特殊的解决方案。例如,在这里使用的解决方案仅适用于这个设计在这种气候。

之前和光管装修后的建筑设计 建筑装修后均匀的光量分布情况

图3.光前水平之间并增加灯管后的差异。

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