碳纳米管活化过硫酸盐降解偶氮染料开题报告

1. 研究目的与意义

近些年来，基于硫酸根自由基的高级氧化技术已经逐渐引起人们的关注。硫酸根自由基具有比较高的氧化还原电位，与羟基自由基相比，具有更长的半衰期，在中性或碱性条件下仍然具有较强的氧化能力。常用的产生硫酸根自由基的氧化剂有过二硫酸盐(ps)和过一硫酸盐(pms)，它们在常温下较稳定，而在过渡金属离子、碱、紫外光、加热等作用下能活化产生硫酸根自由基。通常认为最常用的活化剂的是过渡金属离子，然而由于重复利用性以及潜在的毒性等因素，过渡金属离子活化的应用受到了限制。碳质材料表面所含有的羰基等含氧官能团具有催化功能，能够有效催化臭氧和过氧化氢氧化降解污染物。最近，有学者发现活性炭和活性炭纤维表面的＝o、—oh及—ooh等基团能够有效的活化ps或pms。碳质材料的优点有较好的重复利用性、不排放金属离子以及不向环境排放二次污染物，在催化降解偶氮染料的研究中具有优势。碳纳米管的优点有比表面积大、热电传导性优良等，被广泛的应用于各种催化反应。最近，有学者的研究表明碳纳米管可以高效的活化过一硫酸盐降解偶氮染料。而与pms相比，ps具有价格低廉、常温下更稳定等优点。所以，研究碳纳米管活化过硫酸盐降解偶氮染料有很重要的意义。

与普通的碳纳米管相比，氮掺杂碳纳米管的碳原子周围的电子云密度有所改变。因此，n-cnt具有良好的电子传导性，其电子效应也在催化材料方面展示出独特性能。所以本课题又对使用n-cnt活化pms降解偶氮染料ao7进行了研究。

2. 研究内容和预期目标

主要研究内容

本次课题主要是研究的是利用新型材料碳纳米管活化过硫酸盐降解偶氮染料废水的技术。并采用sem、ft-ir分析、eds元素分析分别对碳纳米管的反应前后进行表征，以研究课题内容的实际效果以及工艺应用的可行性。在此之后，再考察碳纳米管对过硫酸盐等新型氧化剂的活化作用，以及活化所产生的自由基对染料废水的去除效果；探索温度、ph、浓度等因素对染料降解的影响，同时模拟降解动力学和初步探讨降解机理。探究碳纳米管作为氧化还原介体作用，探究染料中有机物的降解。在普通碳纳米管降解机理基础上，对碳纳米管进行改进，得到含有氮掺杂的效果更好的碳纳米管，并开展降解一种典型偶氮染料的试验；

预期目标

3. 研究的方法与步骤

研究方法

ao7的脱色实验在250 ml锥形瓶/烧杯中进行的。除了探究温度对于实验的影响，其余实验均在恒温的条件下进行，并通过恒温水浴实现。在实验的过程中，将锥形瓶放置在磁力搅拌器上，并且使磁力搅拌器的转动速度保持一致。整个实验体系中，除了在将ph对降解的影响作为研究对象时，保持实验的ph值为7±0.1。实验的过程中，严格的控制定量不发生变化。并且每组实验至少进行两遍，以防止造成偶然误差。在遇到与预期不同的结果时，通过多组实验以及查阅资料与导师讨论等方法探究其原因。氮掺杂碳纳米管活化过一硫酸盐降解ao7的研究方法与步骤与碳纳米管活化过硫酸盐降解ao7相同。

实验步骤

4. 参考文献

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5. 计划与进度安排

1、2月27日-3月3日 完成英文文献翻译，查阅资料，对比之前使用的工艺，研究实验方案，完成开题报告；

2、3月6日-3月10日 研究实验路线；通过预实验确定各个反应物之间的浓度比，熟悉实验的操作流程并准备实验材料；