英文原文：

Exploration of Ideas and Practical Approaches of Participatory

Landscape Design

Keywords:Participatory Design; Landscape Architecture; Workshop; Participation Mode

Abstract: In recent years, urban and rural environmental renewal has entered a stage of rapid development,and the publics awareness of participating in urban and rural construction is increasing. Participatory designcontribute to the transformation of urban and rural construction from 'by people' to 'for people', improving thequality of life and set emotional connection of residents, and promoting the coordinated development amongpeople, and between people and the environment. Through combing the development and practice ofparticipatory design theories at home and abroad, and combining our teamrsquo;s participatory design practice inurban and rural communities, urban parks and other landscape design in recent years, this paper introduces the participation mode, organization mechanism, steps and procedures of participatory landscape designworkshops.This paper clarify the specific work content of the workshop in five stages: mastering information,consensus formation, scheme and feedback, participation in implementation and assessment of participation, andset 13 steps of the workshop: data collection, field investigation, observation and interaction, space experience,determination of goals, vision consensus, scheme design , representation and discussion, scheme feedback,scheme optimization, participation in activities and implementation, and participation depth and effectivenessevaluation. It also introduces the applicable tools and methods at each stage, and provides a useful reference forexploring the new design mode of Chinas landscape architecture industry and the research and practice ofcommunity construction.

1. Participatory design

With the acceleration of the urbanization in China, innovative urban and rural environment construction mode has become an important exploration direction. In addition, the social governance systembased on collaboration ， participation and common interests clearly encourages public participation.Participatory planning and design has become a new approach for urban and rural construction from 'bypeople' to 'for people', which can not only lay a foundation for a friendly future for the natural environment,but also affect the quality of life of individuals and even communities, cities, regions and countries [1]. Atpresent, there are some problems in the public participation in urban and rural construction in China,such as non-standard and incomplete procedures and methods. Therefore, at this stage ， how to organize theparticipation of residents, effectively take the participatory design processes and steps, and completeparticipation evaluation are important tasks that need to be paid attention to.Participatory design originates from co-operative design. In the mid-1960s, public participation became an important part of the western society development [2].In the 1970s, the Workers rights movementemerged in Scandinavia, and participatory design came into being , and then was widely used in many fields.Stanford University defined it as 'a method to evaluate, design and utilize development technology toorganize the system' and encouraged all stakeholders to participate in decision-making and design [3].American participatory design experts Elizabeth B.-N. Sanders believes that participatory design shows anew attitude towards design[4], which can be widely used in education, public environment, hygiene andhealth, art and design, social media and many other areas to enhance residentrsquo;s power of voice, promotetheir participation in decision-making, and create a more democratic, harmonious and inclusive society.

1. Participatory landscape design

Participatory landscape design has basic requirements for the ease of organization and feasibility, and isgenerally carried out in the form of workshops. Based on the core principles, the workshop explored theconstruction of basic elements of participants and sites. Obtaining explicit and implicit feedbackinformation through workshop processes,methods and tools to reach consensus onpublic objectives. The diversity ofvarious elements makes participatorylandscape design with differentobjectives unique and irreplaceable.

2.1 Spatial categories of participatory landscape design

The space categories of participatory landscape design are very wide. From the perspective of thepublic, participatory design is a social activity composed of human behaviors. Therefore, the

convenience of participation and the consensus among participants are extremely important. This papersummarizes the space categories of participatory design cases in recent years, and divides them intofour categories: community space, public space, campus space and institution space.

2.2 Participants

Participants in participatory design include users, government departments, communities and NGO,and designers . Among them, government departments play the role of policy formulation andfunding support, and build the four partsrsquo; communication platform; Designers play the role of communicator and guide, make plans and organize the public to participate in the action; Communities and NGO not only participate in action, but also assist the public participating in project.

1. Participatory landscape design workshop

Participatory design workshops have been involved in architecture, art, public management, sociology,education and other fields. In a workshop, users information and feelings are explored from their ownperspective and information that is not easily expressed through words can also be obtained

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英文原文：

Exploration of Ideas and Practical Approaches of Participatory

Landscape Design

Keywords:Participatory Design; Landscape Architecture; Workshop; Participation Mode

Abstract: In recent years, urban and rural environmental renewal has entered a stage of rapid development,and the publics awareness of participating in urban and rural construction is increasing. Participatory designcontribute to the transformation of urban and rural construction from 'by people' to 'for people', improving thequality of life and set emotional connection of residents, and promoting the coordinated development amongpeople, and between people and the environment. Through combing the development and practice ofparticipatory design theories at home and abroad, and combining our teamrsquo;s participatory design practice inurban and rural communities, urban parks and other landscape design in recent years, this paper introduces the participation mode, organization mechanism, steps and procedures of participatory landscape designworkshops.This paper clarify the specific work content of the workshop in five stages: mastering information,consensus formation, scheme and feedback, participation in implementation and assessment of participation, andset 13 steps of the workshop: data collection, field investigation, observation and interaction, space experience,determination of goals, vision consensus, scheme design , representation and discussion, scheme feedback,scheme optimization, participation in activities and implementation, and participation depth and effectivenessevaluation. It also introduces the applicable tools and methods at each stage, and provides a useful reference forexploring the new design mode of Chinas landscape architecture industry and the research and practice ofcommunity construction.

1. Participatory design

With the acceleration of the urbanization in China, innovative urban and rural environment construction mode has become an important exploration direction. In addition, the social governance systembased on collaboration ， participation and common interests clearly encourages public participation.Participatory planning and design has become a new approach for urban and rural construction from 'bypeople' to 'for people', which can not only lay a foundation for a friendly future for the natural environment,but also affect the quality of life of individuals and even communities, cities, regions and countries [1]. Atpresent, there are some problems in the public participation in urban and rural construction in China,such as non-standard and incomplete procedures and methods. Therefore, at this stage ， how to organize theparticipation of residents, effectively take the participatory design processes and steps, and completeparticipation evaluation are important tasks that need to be paid attention to.Participatory design originates from co-operative design. In the mid-1960s, public participation became an important part of the western society development [2].In the 1970s, the Workers rights movementemerged in Scandinavia, and participatory design came into being , and then was widely used in many fields.Stanford University defined it as 'a method to evaluate, design and utilize development technology toorganize the system' and encouraged all stakeholders to participate in decision-making and design [3].American participatory design experts Elizabeth B.-N. Sanders believes that participatory design shows anew attitude towards design[4], which can be widely used in education, public environment, hygiene andhealth, art and design, social media and many other areas to enhance residentrsquo;s power of voice, promotetheir participation in decision-making, and create a more democratic, harmonious and inclusive society.

1. Participatory landscape design

Participatory landscape design has basic requirements for the ease of organization and feasibility, and isgenerally carried out in the form of workshops. Based on the core principles, the workshop explored theconstruction of basic elements of participants and sites. Obtaining explicit and implicit feedbackinformation through workshop processes,methods and tools to reach consensus onpublic objectives. The diversity ofvarious elements makes participatorylandscape design with differentobjectives unique and irreplaceable.

2.1 Spatial categories of participatory landscape design

The space categories of participatory landscape design are very wide. From the perspective of thepublic, participatory design is a social activity composed of human behaviors. Therefore, the

convenience of participation and the consensus among participants are extremely important. This papersummarizes the space categories of participatory design cases in recent years, and divides them intofour categories: community space, public space, campus space and institution space.

2.2 Participants

Participants in participatory design include users, government departments, communities and NGO,and designers . Among them, government departments play the role of policy formulation andfunding support, and build the four partsrsquo; communication platform; Designers play the role of communicator and guide, make plans and organize the public to participate in the action; Communities and NGO not only participate in action, but also assist the public participating in project.

1. Participatory landscape design workshop

Participatory design workshops have been involved in architecture, art, public management, sociology,education and other fields. In a workshop, users information and feelings are explored from their ownperspective and information that is not easily expressed through words can also be obtained

剩余内容已隐藏，支付完成后下载完整资料

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