城市建设湿地规划与生态景观设计外文翻译资料

Journal of Landscape Research 2014, 6(3–4): 41–44, 49

Planning and Ecological Landscape Design of Urban Constructed Wetland

BU Lin

(Chinese Society for Urban Studies, Beijing 100048, China)

Abstract In addition to purifying water, constructed wetland has become an important ecological landscape in city. The characteristics and key design points of constructed wetland under the ecological principles were explored, taking the Jingyue Lake in Zhongxiang City, Hubei Province for example, treatment processes were designed for different inflow waters on the basis of site analysis to facilitate the water environment control and ecological landscape construction, ecological theories were applied to explore functional layouts and landscape designs of wetland, to build a favorable ecological environment of urban wetland and design outstanding wetland ecological landscapes.

Keywords Constructed wetland, Ecology, Urban water environment, Landscape planning

Wetland is one of the ecosystems with typical biodiversity and ecological functions, such as conserving water sources, purifying water, adjusting flood, beautifying environment, and adjusting climate. Constructed wetland system is an ecosystem with self-purification and self-improvement capacity, produces considerable economic and ecological benefits. Since the late 1950s, it has been more applied in environmental field on the basis of researches on its structure, function, process and dynamic features^[1-5]. Against the background of constructing ecolo-gical civilization, it has gained increasing popularity as a low-consumption and high-efficiency sewage treatment technique for settling regional water pollution^[6], in addition, it improves living environment, pushes forward the construction of urban ecological environment^[7–8]. With the social development and improvement of life quality, modern people have attached more importance to urban landscape environment, and they are willing to live by water, so constructed land is important for using water environment, solving water environment problems, and building waterscapes. Taking the Jingyue Lake for example, ecological theories are applied to discuss functional layouts and landscape designs of artificial wetland, so as to treat wetland water environment and construct ecological landscapes, and offer multi -objective planning and design techniques for building a water environment with integrated water purification and landscape planning.

1 Characteristics and design techni-ques of constructed wetland

1.1 Concepts and characteristics of constr-ucted wetland

Constructed wetland is a “soil–organism– water” ecosystem with wetland properties and particular uses established by artificial means. In comparison to natural wetland, substrates and plant species are artificial selections, have relatively simple spatial structures, single food net and nutrition structure^[9], they have strong

capacity of degrading organic pollutants, trans-forming pollutants in water into C, N and P, and purifying water^[10].

Since ecological concepts were introduced to artificial landscapes, constructed wetland has become an important ecological landscape type in the city, in addition to its functions in purifying water. The sewage treatment system established on the basis of constructed wetland has not only the capacity of purifying water, but also the structural features of wetland ecosystem and features of waterscapes, and has peculiar structure, function and landscape effect^[11]. Constructed wetland has its own producers, consumers and decomposers, the artificial compound system consisting of permeable substrate, flowing water, vegetation and biotic population is able to purify water and environment. As a semi-natural waterscape, constructed wetland has a complete natural ecological community structure and eco-environment system, interesting designs and natural ecological characteristics, so it is a kind of eco-environment landscape resource integrating functions and landscapes, and the combination with park system further improves vitality of wetlands.

1.2 Key points in planning and design of constructed wetland

Planning and design of constructed wetland should follow ecological concepts, on the basis of promoting the sustainable development of wetland ecosystem, use modern engineering techniques and landscape design means to meet functional, aesthetic and ecological needs, and integrate human activities with natural environment, and create a place for residents enjoying the nature.

In terms of design layout, the planning should be made from the perspective of the overall environment. Specifically, the overall environment where the wetland ecosystem is located should be fully investigated, the functional junction with the development of neighboring towns and living environment

of residents should be scientifically planned to achieve the balance and coordination of the overall environment^[12-13]. Integrality of wetland water and land environment should be maintained, the excessive split of wetland environment and degradation of ecological environment avoided. The connection between urban wetlands and neighboring natural environment should be improved to ensure the smooth operation of the wetland corridor and realize the benign circulation of organic matters.

In terms of technological selection, water quality and water environment should be considered. According to the investigation of pollutant sources and analysis of water quality and quantity, local hydrological and topographical features, the treatment scale is defined and relevant pollutants removed pertinently, so the wetland process scheme can be designed reasonably to meet the needs of water purification. Constructed wetland in

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