BIM技术在工程造价管理中的应用外文翻译资料

附录 外文原文

Application Research of BIM Technology in Engineering Cost Management

Zhen Wen

Chongqing Real Estate College, Chongqing, 401331, China

Corresponding author: author@e-mail.org

Abstract. This paper analyzes the problems existing in applying BIM technology to engineering cost management in the construction industry in China at the present stage. Taking BIM technology as the main line and engineering cost management as the goal, the research is conducted with BIM technology being used in the decision-making stage, engineering design stage, engineering bidding stage and engineering construction stage of engineering cost management.

1. BIM Technology

“Building Information Modeling”, which is a technology being called as “revolutionary” technology, is a concept proposed by Doctor Chunk Eastman from Architecture and Computer School of Georgia Tech Collage: building description system diagram. In 1986, Robert Aish put forward several characteristics about the present BIM. In 1999, Chuck Eastman developed “building description system” into “building information modeling”, which contains all information, functional requirements and performances of different majors. All information of a project, including all information of the design process, construction process, operation and management process are integrated into one building modeling. In 2002, Jerry Laiserin published COMPARING POMMES AND NARANJAS, enabling the word-BIM to be widely used in the engineering construction industry.

In recent years, BIM technology has gradually developed into a kind of multidimensional (three-dimension space, four-dimension time, five-dimension cost, N-dimension more application) model integrated technology, so that all participants of the construction project (include the government competent department, proprietor, designer, constructor, supervisor, cost engineer, operation manager, project user and so on) can operate model in the modeling operation information and information in the entire life cycle from concept generation to complete demolition, thus fundamentally changing the work mode that the employees rely on the drawing in symbolic form to conduct project construction and operation management, achieving the goal of improving efficiency and quality and reducing errors and risks throughout the life cycle of a construction project.

1. Engineering Cost Management

Engineering cost management means to solve the practical problems of cost prediction, control, supervision and analysis in engineering construction through utilizing the technology, economy and law administration approaches comprehensively from different levels in the overall process of engineering construction. Its goal is to obtain the greatest investment benefit with the least manpower, material resource and financial resource. The basic content of engineering cost management is to appropriately determine and effectively control the engineering cost [2].

At different stages of engineering construction, the entire process of engineering project construction cost management has different work contents. The purpose is control actual cost of construction project. The process of engineering cost management in China is constituted by four stages, which are respectively:

(1) Engineering Scheming Stage. The main work of this stage is to conduct technological demonstration to the necessity and feasibility of the proposed project, which is mainly reflected in the compilation and approval of the investment estimation, techno-economic comparison of different construction schemes, as well as the judgment and decision making. Its goal is to carry out financial evaluation and put forward project scheduling decision. In the past engineering practice, the cost management work of this stage was not concerned. However, with the standard development of the engineering construction, the cost management of the scheming stage has attracted the attention of the construction party, which will certainly bring greater improvement to the refinement of the investment estimation work at this stage.

(2) Engineering Designing Stage. The main work of the engineering designing stage is divided into: comparison of design schemes and schemes, compilation of design estimate, compilation of working drawing estimate, in which, the design scheme also includes: preliminary design, technology design, construction drawing design preparation, construction drawing design. Their effects on engineering cost are as follows: 20%, 40%, 40% and 20%, respectively. The comparison and selection of the design schemes are usually completed by adopting the value engineering method. Design estimate is an important constituent part of the preliminary design, which is not only the basis of controlling the construction drawing and construction estimate, but also the basis of signing the construction contract and loan contract. Working drawing estimate is the basis of controlling the construction cost and rational using of the fund, the basis of determining the project bidding control price and pre-tender estimate, the basis of allocating the engineering fund and transacting the settlement.

(3) Engineering Bidding Stage. The engineering cost management of this stage is to control and analyze the bidding control price of the construction unit and the tender price of the contracting unit, and eventually form the contract price. At this stage, the unit of issuing contract is required to enhance cost control, reduce expenditure, conduct compilation of bidding control price, selection of bid evaluation method, contract discussion and determination of contract price on such basis. To the contracting unit, the appropriate improvement of the profit is the fundamental purpose, so as to havetender offer, analyze and select bidding strategy,

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