就西游文化探究中国动画电影外文翻译资料

MiyazakiHayao was born on January 5, 1941 in Wengjing, Tokyo. Because of his poor health, MiyazakiHayao, who is not good at sports, often draws cartoons on the table as a child. In 1958, on the eve of the college entrance examination, MiyazakiHayao went to the cinema to watch Japans first color animated film, the Legend of the White Snake, which was deeply touched. In 1963 he joined Dongying Animation Company and worked as an animator. In 1969, he began publishing in newspapers a short cartoon, 'the Desert people,' under the pseudonym of Siro Akijin, which has a bit of a prototype later on in the Valley of the Wind. In June 1985, MiyazakiHayao and Takada set up Gili Studios with the help of Suzuki Minfu. MiyazakiHayaos first animated film at Studio Ghibli was the City of the Sky (1986). 'Totoro' (1988), 'Devils Home' (1989), 'Red Pig' (1992), 'Princess Ghost' (1997), 'Thousand and thousand fathom' (2001), 'Hals moving Castle' (2004), 'Golden Fish on the Cliffs' (2008) and 'the Wind' (2013) are all from the studio. MiyazakiHayao animation mainly based on the traditional two-dimensional hand-painted animation, in the digital, 3D, CG animation popular today, hand-painted animation is an absolute luxury, rare.

Hand-drawn animation, also called two-dimensional animation, is the first to paint on the paper, in two-dimensional space to simulate the real three-dimensional space effect, paper drawing is the most close to painting, the most common, the oldest animation form 1. MiyazakiHayao has made insuperable achievements in the field of hand-painted animation. His love and obsession with traditional hand-painted animation, in the nearly 60 years of creation career, adhere to fine I, excellence, showing a perfect visual experience of Gongs animation. MiyazakiHayaos hand-painted painting style: fine picture, color coordination, soft, warm hearts, eye-nourishing, comfortable healing effect. Although the production process is time-consuming, painstaking and inefficient, however, the unique texture and charm of its hand-painted animation can bring the audience a very different viewing experience. In recent years, with the development of computer software and hardware technology, the emerging animation technology-one-three-dimensional animation technology has been widely promoted because of its more accuracy, authenticity, infinite maneuverability and space flexibility. However, because of its unique charm and expression style, 2D animation can not be replaced by 1]. Compared with convenient and efficient computer technology, the beauty of hand-drawn lines can not be copied by computer, and warm hand-painted can convey love and warmth to people more.

Drawing manuscript is a foundation and core link of animation, and it is a part of the individual color and style of the painter. It probably includes many laborious processes, such as manuscript, revision, background drawing, painting, post-production and so on. In 2013, 'the Kingdom of Dreams and Fantasy', a documentary directed by Masami, Japan, explored the creation process of Kilis hand-painted animation. A white-haired, white-bearded old man, wearing iconic black-framed glasses, a white apron and a desk, always painted on paper with a pencil in his hand. The lovable old man, still in his 70s, who kept painting hand-painted, was MiyazakiHayao. Time magazine once put it this way: 'MiyazakiHayao I-in an age of high-tech, the animated director used the old method to create incredible works.' MiyazakiHayaos films become a word-of-mouth guarantee at the same time, but also become extremely time-consuming, extremely cost-consuming representative. In order to ensure the quality of animated movies, so that the details of every picture to the extreme, MiyazakiHayaos Gili studio for the completion of an animation long, from animators, background artists, To art supervision, photography supervision, need to use at least 300 employees, spend-a year and a half to two years; Making a five-second shot takes time-weeks; There are about 1500 shots in the two-hour animation. To draw as many as 160000 manuscripts, Mr. Koizaki carefully examines each manuscript, draws out dissatisfied pieces, puts forward opinions, and then returns to the painter to revise them again. As an animated film director, such efficiency can be said to be very low.

MiyazakiHayao in each animation in the early production and late completion of a lot of efforts, among which the hard work, the onlookers can not understand. No wonder the old man, after finishing an animation, often said he was retiring. As an advocate of two-dimensional animation, he believes that one-dimensional animation can bring things, three-dimensional animation can not be achieved, by doing just like the real person and three-dimensional these advantages, can not fully show the charm of animation. As a result, MiyazakiHayao rejected computer production, arguing that 'excessive reliance on machinery is hampering peoples growth'. According to the Daily Telegraph, the animator warned his grandchildren: 'its best not to touch a computer. Computer technology seems to be free, but its easy to turn ingenuity into a streamline production.' Such a decades of stick to hand painting, adhere to the traditional, inefficient, excellence in the production of animation spirit, is the senior official has the craftsman spirit of animation. Japan is a country with great respect for the spirit of craftsmanship, no matter what position you are in, what kind of work you do, and if you are able to be at the top of your own professional field, you will have a fairly high status in Japanese society. As a result, Japan refers to professionals with special expertise as craftsmen. Craftsmen often adhere to the traditional process of making I art, and have high requirements for details, the pursuit of perfection and extreme. MiyazakiHayaos body perfect interpretation of adhering to the tradition, adhere to the traditio

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宫崎骏1941年1月5日出生于东京都文京，由于身体不好，故不擅长运动的宫崎骏从小就经常趴在桌上画漫画。1958年， 高考前夕的宫崎骏去影院观看了日本第一部彩色动画电影《白蛇传》, 深受触动。1963年进 入东映动画公司，从事动画师_工作。1969年， 他开始在报纸上以秋津三郎的笔名连载短篇漫画《沙漠之民》，该作品已有后来《风之谷》的一点原型。1985年6月， 宫崎骏与高田勋在铃木敏夫出资帮助下成立了吉力工作室,宫崎骏首部在吉卜力工作室完成的动画电影是《天空之城》(1986年)。 之后的《龙猫》(1988年)、 《魔女宅急便》 (1989年)、 《红猪》 (1992年)、 《幽灵公主》 (1997年)、 《千与千寻》 (2001年)、《哈尔的移动城堡》 (2004年) 、《悬崖 上的金鱼姬》(2008年) 以及息影之作《起风了》(2013年) 都出自该工作室。宫崎骏动画主要以传统的二维手绘动画为主，在数字化、3D、CG动画盛行的今天，手绘动画是绝对的奢侈品、稀有品。

手绘动画也叫二维动画，是最早在纸面上进行绘制，在二维空间上模拟真实的三维空间效果，以纸面绘制为主，是最接近绘画、最常见、最古老的动画形式1。宫崎骏在-维手绘动画领域取得了至今无法逾越的成就。他对传统手绘动画挚爱、着迷，在近60年的创作生涯中,坚持精I细作、精益求精,呈现出具有完美视觉体验的宫氏动画。宫崎骏的手绘画风:画面细腻、色彩协调、柔和、温暖人心，有养眼、舒适的治愈效果。虽然制作过程费时、辛苦且低效，然而其手绘动画所具有的独特画面质感和魅力，却能带给观众很不一样的观影体验。近年来，随着计算机软硬件技术的发展而产生的新兴动画技术一一三 维动画，因更具精确性、真实性、无限的可操作性和空间的灵活性而被大量推广。然而二维动画因具有独特的魅力和表现风格，依然不能被取代1]。 与便捷、高效的电脑科技相比,手绘线条的美感无法被计算机复制,温情的手绘更能向人们传达爱与温暖。

绘图手稿是动画制作的一个基础和核心环节，是极具画师个人色彩和风格的部分，大概包含底稿、修改稿、背景绘制、上色、 后期制作等多个费I费力的过程。2013年,日本砂田麻美执导的一部纪录片--《梦 与狂想的王国》， 探秘了吉力手绘动画的创作过程。片中多次出现一个花白头发、花白胡子的老头，带着标志性的黑框眼镜，系着白色围裙， 办公桌前的他， 手里总是拿着铅笔不停地在纸上作画，这个70多岁 仍笔耕不息、坚持手绘的可爱老头就是宫崎骏。《时代》杂志曾这样评价:'宫崎骏一-在一 个高科技的时代, 这位动画导演用老方法创造出不可思议的作品。”宫崎骏的电影成为口碑保证的同时,也成为极为费时、极耗成本的代表。为了保证动画电影的质量，让每一个画面的细节都做到极致，宫崎骏的吉力工作室为完成一部动画长篇，从动画师、 背景美工，到美术监督、摄影监督,需要启用至少300名员工，花-年半到两年的时间;制作一 个五秒钟的镜头， 需要耗时- -周;两个小时的动画长篇约有1500个镜头，要绘制多达16万张画稿,官崎骏要仔细检查每一张画稿， 并抽出不满意的，提出意见，然后返给画师再次修改。作为一名动画电影导演,这样的效率可以说非常低。

宫崎骏在每一部动画的前期制作和后期完成 上都倾注了不少心血，这其中的辛劳，旁观者无法体会。难怪老爷子做完一部动画后， 常常会说自己要退休了。作为二维动画的拥护者，他相信一维动画所能带来的东西，三维动画是不能达到的，光靠着做得像真人和立体这些优势，并不能充分展现出动画应有的魅力。因此，宫崎骏排斥电脑制作,他认为“过度依赖机械,妨碍了人们的成长”。《每日电讯》 报称，这位动画大师曾告诫后辈:“最好不要碰电脑，电脑技术看上去使人自由,其实很容易使独具匠心的制作变成流水线式的生产”。这样一种几十年坚持手绘， 执着于传统、低效、精益求精制作动画的精神,就是官老先生所具有的对动漫的工匠精神。日本是极度尊重工匠精神的国家，无论你在什么职位，从事什么工作,如能够在自己的专业领域做到顶尖，在日本社会便会得到相当崇高的地位，因此日本便把具有特殊专长的专业人士称为工匠。工匠们往往都秉承传统制作I艺的流程，且对细节有很高的要求,追求完美和极致。宫崎骏的身上完美诠释了秉承传统、坚持传统二维动漫制作的工匠精神,这位老人给世界带来了不一样的精彩。

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