开题报告内容：（包括拟研究或解决的问题、采用的研究手段及文献综述，不少于2000字）
一、选题的背景与意义
To get support from other counties during the second world war, Song Meiling made a speech to American congress, which was a great success in the history of wartime diplomacy. The term “discourse analysis” was proposed by American structural linguist Harris in 1952. Proposed by John Austin in 1962, speech act theory has been applied to the study of discourse analysis since 1970s. Especially since the publication of Cohesion in English by Halliday and Hasan, study of discourse coherence has attracted much attention from linguists.
Speech act theory only studies the single speech act made by context-independent utterances, which is difficult to fully express the speakerrsquo;s meaning and nature of language in use. In real communication, every speech act in coherent in the whole discourse and requires contextual appropriacy. Studying speech acts in a particular discourse assists people in determining the illocutionary force. In addition, it reveals the role of speech act in structuring a coherent discourse. As a special type of discourse, a wartime speech needs to be studied both from linguistic and situational contexts by the combination of speech act theory and discourse analysis to achieve the best results during the war.
二、研究的主要内容与预期目标
In the first part of this paper, I use speech act theory to analyze Songrsquo;s address, including study of locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act in detail. Besides, Searlersquo;s classification of five categories of speech acts is used here. In the second part, I relate speech act theory to discourse analysis by analyzing different characteristics of coherence in three levels. The paper aims at improving the skill of making a particular speech through the study of linguistic and situational factors so that speakers can achieve intended goals, especially on an important occasion such as American Congress.
三、拟采用的研究方法
Research methods:
This paper adopts the way of analysis from the perspective of speech act theory. Classifying speech acts into five categories, the article will analyze Songrsquo;s speech on the basis of each utterance. In the discourse analysis, characteristics of discourse cohesion will be studied.
四、文献综述
