An Analysis of the Interpersonal Metafunction of Trump’s Inaugural Speech开题报告

1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）

1. introduction 1.1 introduction of trump and his inaugural addresson january 20, 2017, donald trump was officially elected as president of the united states as a republican candidate. meanwhile, he delivered his inaugural speech. donald trump has multiple identities. he's a billionaire with billions of dollars in assets; he's a writer with a lot of successful works; he's a celebrity with a lot of headlines; he's a golfer with a grand slam. all these identities cultivate his various and complex characteristics which lead him to do many disputed things.1.2 need for the studythe victory speech of presidential election in the united states is given by the new president after a long and tough election journey. it will not only reveal the identity of the new president but also conclude the summary of the election, the joy of the result and new political views. as a president with unique individual characteristics and lots of controversies, the victory speech of president trump should be focused (liu, s attitude toward what he speaks or writes about. interpersonal function refers to the function of language to express the speaker's identity, status, attitude, motivation and inference of things. through the interpersonal function of language, the speaker participates in social activities by himself, expresses his attitude with language, judges and tries to influence others' attitude, degree and behavior. this function of language is often realized by mood system and modality system. 2.2 researches on trumps inaugural address3. analysis of the interpersonal metafunction of trumps inaugural speech3.1 modehalliday (1994) believes that in the process of communication, no matter how the speakers change their roles, there are only two main roles -giving and demanding. in government speech, due to the speaker's special identity and mission, the comparison between the roles of "giving" information and "seeking" services the two main roles obviously. on the one hand, the speaker provides some information to the audience in order to know their attitude and stand. on the other hand, the speaker requests or call on the audience to take actions to support their claims and to follow their intentions and objectives. therefore, declarative sentences dominate the speech, which mainly functioned as statements and few imperative moods to arouse both positive and negative feelings of the audience (in general, interrogative sentences are not used, because the use of interrogative sentences may reduce the speech's solemnity and severity.in this inaugural speech, in this inaugural speech, the proportion of declarative sentences, imperative sentences and interrogative sentences is 98.1%, 1.9% and 0%, respectively. trump's speech is aimed at the people of the country. the purpose of trump's speech is to win the audience's recognition of the leaders of the new government. therefore, trump uses the positive tone of statement to increase the objectivity and authenticity of his speech and make it more persuasive, which is why the interrogative tone does not appear. in this speech, trump used imperative sentences twice. for example, do not allow anyone to tell you that it cannot be done. this sentence expresses trump's advice and suggestions to the audience, aiming to boost morale and mobilize atmosphere to win support. in mood analysis, it can be revealed the role of the speaker wanted to be in the speech situation, and also the role the speaker wanted to assign to the hearer. furthermore, in modality analysis, it can be revealed not only how the speaker views and thinks to the problem of the speech topic, but also the power relationship and the formality scale between the speaker and the hearer (muhammad, 2020).3.2 modalityzhang (1998) holds that in discourse analysis, systemic functional linguistics believe that modality is the main means to realize interpersonal function, which can express individual's wishes, require others to undertake obligations, and judge the trend of development of things. modality is expressed by the amount of modality. according to the speaker's attitude, judgment, mood, etc., the value of modality can be divided into low modality value, medium modality value, and high modality value, of which must is the high value, will is the middle value, and can is a low value (halliday, 1994). trump uses modal verbs to express modality in his speech. for example, will appears 43 times, must 6 times, can 1 time.will is not only a simple time sign of the future, but also a sign of willingness. the use of will is closely related to the purpose of political speech. political speech often needs to express the speaker's strong will to complete a task, and call on the audience to have similar strong desire to complete the task together.must usually expresses an obligation to do something in order to arouse the sense of responsibility of the audience.the modal verb-can not only expresses a lower degree of modality, but also reflects the possibility of expressing the ability to do something.3.3 personal pronounhu (2000) believes that proper use of personal pronouns can help to establish a specific relationship between the author and the reader. personal pronouns in speech discourse also help to establish and maintain interpersonal relationship between speaker and audience. in trump's inaugural address, the first person pronoun is used the most, 91 times, followed by the third person pronoun, 22 times, and the second person pronoun, 18 times.the first person singular i is used to indicate the speaker's own identity, highlight his own existence, and more confidently express his views and attitudes (zhang, 2012).in addition, although people generally divide the meaning of "we" into inclusive and exclusive. the former includes the listener, equivalent to me and you or me and you, but the latter does not include the listener, equivalent to me and others, not you or you (li, 2001). for example, we will bring back our jobs. we will bring back our borders. we will bring back our wealth, and we will bring back our dreams,benefits and goals. using the personal pronoun "we" in a speech can effectively narrow the distance between the two sides of the speech and turn the speaker's political opinion even request into the common goal of both sides.4. conclusion based on the interpersonal metafunction of systemic functional linguistics, this paper analyzes trump's inaugural address from the perspectives of mood, modality and person. it is found that trump mainly uses statements to give information and express opinions; in modality, he mainly uses median modal measure words to reflect the objectivity of the speech content; in person, he mainly uses the first person to shorten the distance with the audience, trigger the audience's thinking and establish a good relationship with the audience.5. referencesachmad, f. (2020), donald trumps grammar of persuasion in his speech, heliyon, 10. halliday， m. a. k.（1994），an introduction to functional grammar，london:edward arnold.liu, x.l., zhang, h.j. (20180, discourse analysis of the victory speech of president trump from the perspective of theme and thematic progression patterns, paris: atlantis press.muhammad r.b. (2020), a discourse analysis of interpersonal metafunction in donald trumps speech recognizing jerusalem as capital of israel, paris: atlantis press.胡壮麟（2000），《理论文体学》，北京: 北京外语教学与研究出版社。

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张宵（2012），《从人际功能角度探究英国首相卡梅伦就职演讲批评性语篇分析视角》， 首都教育学报。

2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案

Based on the interpersonal metafunction of systemic functional linguistics, this paper analyzes Trump's inaugural address from the perspectives of mood, modality and person. The theoretical basis of this study is interpersonal function, one of the three meta language functions proposed by Halliday's systemic functional grammar. The object of this study is president Trump's inaugural address.