Eco-feminist Study of Hemingways A Farewell to Arms开题报告

1. 研究目的与意义

Ernest Hemingway is a famous America novelist. His representative work A Farewell to Arms attracts many critics#8217; attention. Critics at home and abroad have commented on this work from different angles, such as war, function grammar and so on. With the development of ecofeminism in the 1970s, some critics thought Hemingway had ecofeminist awareness but some others didn#8217;t think so. In my opinion, Hemingway is a writer with eco-feminist consciousness and I will prove it by studying his representative work A farewell to Arms.In this novel, Hemingway describes a destroyed nature causes by cruel wars. Hemingway thinks human and nature are not enemies, but friends. He appeals people to establish a harmonious relationship with nature. Nowadays, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. It is quite necessary to study Hemingway#8217;s ecological consciousness and ask people to protect environment. Besides, Hemingway describes a mature, sensible, and confident Catherine. It is her who teaches Henry how to live and love. In Hemingway#8217;s writing, the image of the female is no longer obedient, but independent. Hemingway shows much concern about the unbalanced relationship between human and nature, men and women and calls for the harmony between human and nature, as well as male and female. The study of Hemingway#8217;s ecofeminist consciousness can help people promote ecofeminist awareness, and then build a harmonious society.

2. 研究内容和预期目标

The paper is intended to study ecofeminism by analyzing the destroyed nature and the confident female in A Farewell to Arms. The paper is divided into four parts. Chapter one is mainly about the introduction of Hemingway, his representative work A Farewell to Arms , the development of eco-feminism, and critics#8217; literature reviews. Chapter two tells us the relationship between and nature. It consists of two aspects which are the war#8217;s destruction on nature and Hemingway#8217;s hatred towards the war. Chapter three analyzes the relationship between male and female. It mainly tells Catherine#8217;s influence to Henry. Chapter four appeals people to care female, and then build a harmonious society.

3. 国内外研究现状

Critics at home and abroad make various comments on it. They have been analyzing and interpreting the novel from different perspectives, such as function grammar, sociological criticism and so on. In many western critics#8217; eyes, like Harry Hansen and Robert Herrick, the novel is more or less a failure because it violates #8220;traditional forms and techniques of expression.#8221; Judith Wexler makes favorable comments on A Farewell to Arms. He thinks this book is the best book. During the 1970s, Philip Young#8217;s notion of #8220;code hero#8221; developed, which associated Hemingway#8217;s experiences with his characters. In A Farewell to Arms, the main character Catherine is an example of #8220;code hero#8221;, who is independent, brave and always keeps grace under pressure.With the development of women#8217;s movement in the 1960s, Hemingway has been the target of feminism critics. More and more critics pay attention to the female characters of Hemingway#8217;s novels. In China, Liu Ling and Liang Huarong think the death of Catherine is due to the fact that she is a female, which shows Hemingway#8217;s hatred towards women.Besides, with mankind#8217;s increasing anxiety on current environment, more and more critics began to re-interrupt and reevaluate Hemingway#8217;s works from the perspective of eco-criticism so as to explore Hemingway#8217;s ecological consciousness.

4. 计划与进度安排

OutlineChapterⅠIntroduction1.1 Ernest Hemingway and the novel1.2 Development of eco-feminism1.3 Literature review Chapter ⅡRelationship between man and nature2.1 War#8217;s destruction on nature2.2 Hemingway#8217;s hatred towards WarChapter Ⅲ Relationship between male and female3.1 Catherine#8217;s influence to HenryChapter Ⅳ Conclusion

5. 参考文献

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